Having worked for MI5 and MI6 during the 1950s and 1960s,
His intelligence officer character George Smiley, a short, balding and overweight man with glasses, was created as a more accurate and ordinary British intelligence officer, intentionally contrasting with the romantic James Bond.
At least 10 actors, including Gary Oldman, have portrayed Smiley in film and TV adaptations of the novels.
The Oscar-winning star portrays the ageing spymaster in 2011's Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy, in which he must uncover a Soviet mole at MI6 during the early 1970s.
Critically acclaimed and a box office hit, the spy film co-stars Colin Firth, Tom Hardy, John Hurt, Toby Jones, Mark Strong and Benedict Cumberbatch. The BAFTA-winning and Oscar-nominated film (including a Best Actor nod for Oldman) is considered a modern spy classic.
Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy is streaming now on and .
You may also like
'Student loans in default to be referred to debt collection': US education secretary Linda McMahon
Oti Mabuse defends JoJo Siwa and Chris Hughes' Celebrity Big Brother connection
Celebrity Big Brother: Late and Live thrown into chaos as Jimmy Bullard exposes bum
FRANK COTTRELL-BOYCE: Some leaders divide us with extreme opinions, Pope Francis united us
Ange Postecoglou gives Tottenham fans silent treatment after Nottingham Forest defeat